Which organelle is NOT involved in energy production or photosynthesis?

The Golgi apparatus is correctly identified as the organelle not involved in energy production or photosynthesis. Its primary functions are related to modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles. This organelle plays a key role in the post-translational modification of proteins and in the transport of materials within the cell, but it does not participate in the biochemical processes that generate energy or facilitate photosynthesis.

In contrast, mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell, where ATP is produced through cellular respiration, while chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis, converting sunlight into chemical energy in the form of glucose. Cristae are the inner membrane structures of mitochondria that play a critical role in energy production, as they increase the surface area for the electron transport chain to function efficiently.